Have you ever heard the terms “Uchinā-guchi” or “Shimakutuba”?
Both are used to refer to the languages of Okinawa. However, many people may not be familiar with the differences between these two terms or the meaning they hold. Here, we will explore the distinctions between Uchinā-guchi and Shimakutuba, delving into their backgrounds and appeal to introduce you to the rich linguistic culture of Okinawa.
Shimakutuba: The Language of One’s Hometown
Shimakutuba is a general term for the languages spoken in various regions of Okinawa Prefecture, including Okinawa Main Island.
The languages of Okinawa have significant regional differences. Their sounds and expressions can vary greatly even within the prefecture, and linguistically, they are said to be separate languages. The “shima” in Shimakutuba refers to one’s “island,” “village,” or “hometown.” Therefore, the term Shimakutuba is used to refer to the languages spoken in each of Okinawa’s regions—such as Amami, Kunigami, Okinawan, Miyako, Yaeyama, and Yonaguni—as “the language of one’s hometown.”
Uchinā-guchi: The Language of Okinawa Main Island
On the other hand, Uchinā-guchi means “the language of Okinawa.” It generally refers to the Okinawan language spoken in the central and southern parts of Okinawa Main Island. While it can sometimes be used to refer to the languages spoken on Okinawa Main Island and its surrounding smaller islands, Uchinā-guchi does not originally include languages like those of Miyako or Yaeyama.
In short, Uchinā-guchi is a part of Shimakutuba, and Shimakutuba refers to a broader range of languages.
